1. What is Selenium and why is it used for web automation?
: Selenium is a suite of tools used for automating web browsers. It is primarily used for automating web application testing to validate their functionality across different browsers and platforms.
2. Explain the difference between Selenium IDE, Selenium WebDriver, and Selenium Grid. ?
Selenium IDE is a record-and-playback tool for creating simple automation scripts, Selenium WebDriver is the core automation framework for creating and executing scripts programmatically, and Selenium Grid is used for parallel test execution across multiple browsers and platforms
3. How do you install Selenium WebDriver for Python?
: You can install Selenium WebDriver for Python using pip, the Python package manager, by running the command: pip install selenium.
4. What are the different locators used in Selenium WebDriver?
: The different locators used in Selenium WebDriver are ID, Class Name, Name, Tag Name, Link Text, Partial Link Text, XPath, and CSS Selector. They are used to locate and interact with elements on a web page during automation testing.
5. How would you handle dynamic elements in Selenium?
Dynamic elements in Selenium can be handled using explicit waits, ensuring the WebDriver waits for the element to become interactable before performing actions on it, or by using dynamic XPath or CSS selectors to locate elements based on changing attributes or positions in the DOM.
6. Explain the concept of implicit and explicit waits in Selenium WebDriver. ?
Implicit waits in Selenium WebDriver instruct the WebDriver to wait for a certain amount of time for the elements to be located before throwing an exception, applied globally. Explicit waits, on the other hand, target specific elements and wait until certain conditions are met before proceeding with the next steps in the script
7. What is Page Object Model (POM) in Selenium testing? How do you implement it in Python?
Page Object Model (POM) is a design pattern in Selenium testing where web pages are represented as classes, encapsulating their elements and interactions. In Python, POM implementation involves creating separate classes for each web page, encapsulating elements and actions, and then utilizing these classes in test scripts for cleaner and more maintainable automation code.
8. . How would you handle pop-up windows in Selenium?
: To handle pop-up windows in Selenium, you can use the switch_to.alert method to switch the WebDriver's focus to the alert, and then either accept, dismiss, or interact with the alert as required using methods like accept(), dismiss(), or send_keys(). If it's not a JavaScript alert, but a browser window pop-up, you can use switch_to.window() to switch to the new window and interact with its elements.
9. Can you perform actions like mouse hover and keyboard events using Selenium WebDriver in Python?
Yes, you can perform actions like mouse hover and keyboard events using Selenium WebDriver in Python. For mouse hover, you can use the ActionChains class to create complex actions like moving to an element and performing hover actions. For keyboard events, you can use the send_keys() method to simulate keyboard input into elements.
10. How do you handle browser cookies in Selenium WebDriver?
In Selenium WebDriver with Python, you can handle browser cookies using the get_cookies(), add_cookie(), delete_cookie(), and delete_all_cookies() methods of the WebDriver instance. These methods allow you to retrieve, add, delete specific cookies, or delete all cookies in the current browser session, enabling you to manage cookies as needed during your test scenarios.
